Carbon dioxide ice cooling system



Feb. 11, 1936. s, co s 2,030,242

CARBON DIOXIDE ICE COOLING SYSTEM Filed May 14, 1930 4 Sheets-Sheet 1INVENTQR A ToRN EY5 Tzwm Feb. 11, 1936. H, s. CORNISH ,0 2

CARBON DIOXIDE ICE COOLING SYSTEM Filed May '14, 1930 4 Shaets-Sheet 2Feb. 11, 1936. H. s. CORNISH CARBON DIOXIDE ICE COOLING SYSTEM Filed May14, 1930" 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 m m mi u giIVENTQR 4 Feb. 11, 1936. H s.CORNISH CARBON DIOXIDE ICE COOLING SYSTEM 4 SheetS -Sheet 4 PatentedFeb. 11, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,030,242 CARBON DIOXIDE ICECOOLING SYSTEM I Harry S. Cornish, Los Angeles, Calif. Application May14, 1930, Serial No. 452,243 12 oniins. (o1. 6291.5)

My invention relates to cooling apparatus in which solid carbon dioxideor other gas reduced to ice is employed as a refrigerant and moreparticularly to a form of apparatus wherein the released gas assists incooling the contents of the cooler.

The invention will be described as carried out by the utilizing ofcarbon dioxide ice as the solidified refrigerant adapted when it absorbsheat from the contents of the cooler to release or evolve the gasalthough it is capable of use with other gaseous agents transformed intoice by any suitable means.

One of the objects of my invention is to so construct the apparatus thatgas may be accumulated and retained under pressure within the cooler soas to be itself utilizable as a gaseous agent under positive pressurefor carbonatli'ns or similar treatment of liquids.

The invention consists in a cooler having means for supporting from itstop a steel tank or drum of the usual form adapted to withstand heavypressure when loaded with carbon dioxide ice and projecting inwardly ordownwardly from said top into the cooler so as to absorb heat from thecontents of the cooler and providing the tank with an outlet connectedto piping for delivering the evolved carbon dioxide gas into the coolerthrough a valve which preferably is controlled from the outside of thecooler by suitable manual or other devices said cooler receiving theoutflow from said valve controlled pipe and being constructed with agas-holding chamber or gas-holding portion of the chamber in such mannerthat it shall be capable of withstanding considerable gas pressurewithout leakage whereby in the case of carbon dioxide the accumulatedgas may be employed directly if desired as a carbonating gas forcarbonating liquids.

Another object of my invention is to facilitate the re-loading of thecooler with the cooling gasproducing ice and to this endmyinventionconsists in mounting a carbon dioxide ice steel tank or drumin the top of the cooler in position to project downwardly into thecooler chamber said drum being provided with a removable cap or headlocated outside the cooler to permit ready reloading without disturbingthe connections for conducting the evolved gas into the cooling devicelocated in said cooler all as will be more particularly hereinafterdescribed.

The invention further consists in constructing the cooler with means forsupporting a multiplicity of the ice containers and combining therewitha suitable gas valve or valves whereby the same may be at will connectedwith the gas spaces of the cooler thereby permitting the loading of thecooler with ice suflicient for prolonged use of the coolerwithoutre-loading with ice.

The invention also relates to a construction wherein the ice containingtank or tanks are provided with gas outlet pipes leading downward intothe cooler space and equipped with a suitable controlling valve orvalves one of which is provided with a stem'extending through a sidewall of the cooler for manual or other operation as desired to controlthe flow of the cooling dioxide gas into the space or spaces below thesteel drum or drums for passage through gas circulating conduits of aheat transfer and eventually out through a 0 side wall of the cooler allas will be hereinafter more particularly described and claimed.

My invention further consists in the constructions of apparatus andcombinations of devices facilitating the use of CO2 ice and the gasevolved therefrom as the cooling agent as hereinafter more particularlydescribed and then specified in the claims.

Referring to the accompanying drawings:

Fig. l is a vertical section of a typical form of apparatus embodyingthe invention, CO2 ice container or containers being shown in elevationwith their contents of CO2 ice illustrated in dotted lines asrectangular blocks of ice.

Fig. 2 is a cross-section through Fig. 1 on the line 2-2.

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 1 and illustrates the invention inmodified form.

Fig. 4 is a horizontal cross-section on line 4-4 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 shows another form of the invention wherein the pressure-proofice container is in direct contact with the part of the liquid to becooled. I

Fig. 6 is a horizontal cross-section on the line 6-6 of Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a vertical section showing a modification in the constructionof the ice container drums.

Fig. 8 is a similar section of a further modifi- 4o cation.

Fig. 9 illustrates a modification or variation in the application of myinvention.

In Fig. l the body of. the outer shell or casing of the gaspressure-proof container and cooler is indicated at l. A removable coverplate I is properly appliedand secured upon the body I to afford a gaspressure-proof joint thereby sealing the spaces within the containeragainst escape of the gas confined therein under considerable pressure,said pressure being preferably suflicient to permit the use of the gasdirectly in carbonating a liquid or for other purposes requiringpositive gas pressure without the intervention of any means for raisingthe pressure in the carbonator. The cover and body are preferably madeof some heat-insulating substance or if made of metal are provided withheat-insulating linings or jackets. For convenience the cover plate I'being made. removable is held in place by suitable clamping devices 2which hold the cover 9' down upon the edge of the shell or body I, asuitable gas sealing gasket being interposed preferably as indicated at3. Metal containers, drums or holders 4 for the CO2 ice are mounted orapplied to project into or be located entirely within the gas containingand retaining space of the cooler and so as to acquire heat from thecontents in the container Which are to be cooled. Said ice containers (1consisting of heavy steel tanks or drums of the form frequently employedto handle liquid carbon dioxide and to withstand the heavy pressures ofthe contents, either of liquid or gas, when they are loaded. They are asusual hermetically sealed but have outlet pipes 71 for any gas evolvedfrom the CO2 ice within the same and allowed to escape, said pipes beingconnected with the downwardly extending passage or pipe 5 as shown andbeing each provided also if desired with means for controlling the fiowfrom it to the pipe 5. By these means the high pressure gas developed orreleased by the efiects of heat on the ice contents of the ice container41 may be conducted to the interior gas-retaining and holding spaces ofthe cooler. Each container is adapted to receive a block of CO2 ice orsimilar ice that in dissipating will release CO2 gas or similar gas.

These drums or cartridges are of heavy metal capable of withstandinghigh internal pressures and may be' similar to those heretofore used'fortransporting carbon dioxide under heavy pressure for use in connectionwith carbonators for soda fountains. For the use of my present inventionhowever the drum is preferably suitably modified in construction topermit it to be loaded with a block of carbon dioxide ice introducedinto the same as described through a removable head. To enable this tobe done and without disturbing the gas connections from the drums Iprovide removable gas tight heads or sealing caps 9 for the drumslocated outside the top of the cooler or portion thereof in which thedrums are mounted. To

reload with the CO2 ice the cap 9 is removed and the ice inserted insuitable amount according to the pressure of evolved gas desired. Thecap 9 is then reapplied to seal the drum gas tight. The block of ice isindicated at 6 in dotted lines and is of a size limited to permit orprovide a considerable space within the ice drum which shall be free andallow accumulation of the gas under pressure therein. In the form shownthe gas spaces of the containers may be joined through the pipes II in avalve casing 8 which is provided with a suitable valve similar to athree-way Valve whereby, when a number of ice containers 4 are used,said containers may be placed in communication at will with pipe 5 andthe interior of the cooler or shut off from connection therewith.

Other forms of high pressure steel tank or drum mounted in the head ofthe cooler and having suitable provision to permit the drum to bereloaded from the outside and to be secured gas tight after reloadingmight be employed in the place of those shown, suitable provision beingmade in connection with the same for leading the gas evolved in the tankthrough a pipe' or pipes into the cooling space of the cooler, the drumbeing, however, located so that the major portion thereof will beexposed to or affected by the'temperatures prevailing in the cooler andso as to "readily absorb heat from the interior of thecooler and causethe dry ice to evolve the CO2 gas..

When a battery or gang of ice containers 4 is provided the valve 8permits them to be put into service one after the other as they becomeexhausted, the one or more ready for service being preferably cut off atsuch time. While one or more arein service the remainder are retained orheld in reserve. or readyfor use as occasion may require. Any form ofthe movable cap 9 adapted to bescrewed down upon the end of the drum orotherwise secured in gas-tight relation to the body might be employedfor reloading purposes if adapted to prevent escape of the high pressuregas excepting through the pipe connections 1! and valve 8 to pipe 5 andthence to the interior of the cooler. A suitable projecting valve stemI2 is provided to permit manipulation of the valve ii from the outside.The drums or holders l fit tightly as possible in the openings in thecover 8 through which they pass so as to prevent leakage of gas from thespaces of the cooler into which the gas passes from the holders or drums4. A supplemental cover plate (not shown) and enclosing the heads of theice drums t may be also provided and secured to the cover i by suitableclamps which fasten the same down firmly intermediate gas-tight gasketsbeing provided. By this means escape of gas which may leak around thesides of the metal ice containers i at the point where they pass throughthe head or cover I or around other projecting parts may be prevented.By removing the supplemental cover access to the ice containers forintroduction of a fresh supply of ice is obtained.

It will be understood that valve stem It should have a suitablegas-tight packing or gasket at the point where it passes through thecover I. It. is obvious that any desired number of ice drums may beemployed within limits. The drawings show four in number but it would bewithin my invention to employ but one. Pressure gages 3i may beconnected to the containers to show when they are empty or when thepressure falls so low as to demand the operation of valve 8 to shut 01fa container and to place a new one in connection with pipe 5 and theinterior of the cooler.

In the form of the invention illustrated in Fig. 1 the device is shownas applied to the cooling of a liquid. Said liquid may be circulatedthrough liquid-containing spaces in the lower portion of the chamber Iwhere a liquid holder or container, itself preferably made of metal, isexposed to the cooling efiects of the ice and of the CO2 gas escapingfromthe lower end of pipe I and circulated through suitable gas tubes orpassages of a heat transfer device having water circulating passages thewalls' of which constitute a wall of the gas circulating passage. Beforeentering the gas passages for the CO2 gas said gas may enter the body ofthe'container and pass therefrom to the heat transfer device and aftercirculating through the gas passages therein it may pass out through apipe in the wall of the container as will be presently described itsexit being controlled by suitable devices to regulate the amount ofpressure of the gas allowed to escape. As will be presently seen theheat of any liquid in the transfer device if constructed and located asshown and described will be instrumental in assisting the evaporation ofthe ice in the containers 4 which will exert a direct cooling effectupon any contents of the cooler I and in acquiring heat from the body tobe cooled will release the CO2 gas. CO2 gas accumulating in thecontainer or cooler I made gas pressureproof may be withdrawn therefromthrough the pipe I5 communicating with the gas space within the coolerand furnished on the outside of the cooler with the proper gas shut-offindicated at IS. A construction of heat transfer device, suitable forpermitting circulation of the water to be cooled and the cooling gas andhaving walls or plates exposed on one side to the circulating water andon the other to the circulating CO2 gas, is as follows. The outer andinner walls respectively of liquid-circulating shells or drums areindicated respectively at I! and I1. Any number of such drums or shellsmay be used although in the present instance I show four which areconnected with one another by the r pipes I9. to allow free circulationthrough said drums from the liquid inlet to the liquid outlet 2|.

The construction shown provides spaces for free circulation of. the CO2gas emitted from 20 pipe 5 around said liquid shells and to the spaceswith which pipe I5 connects. Obviously suitable gas-tight seals shouldbe provided on the pipes 20, 2| and I5 where they pass through the wallsof the cooler and should be constructed to prevent leak under theveryconsiderable gas pressure created on the interior of the coolerthrough delivery of the high pressure gas from the drums 4 through thepipe- 5. The gas after delivery from pipe 5 and after circulationthrough the 0 interior gas-holding spaces may be delivered throughoutlet I5 under high pressure for carbonating or other purposes. Theinlet 20 and outlet 2i are both provided with a suitable shutoff valvefor convenience of operation of the device. The liquid-circulating orcontaining member as so far described may be supported by a metalextension 22 which may be cylindrical in form and extend from-the liquidcontainer, said extension 22 being provided with the brackets or elbowsat the top. adapted to rest at the top edge of the wall of the body I ofthe cooler which'of course may be otherwise supported. The supportingextensions 22 may extend down to connection with the bottom plate 22'upon which the liquid cooling shells are supported or which forms thebottom of said shells. As shown additional support for the shells andthe pipe connecting 20, 2| is afforded by running the pipes through thesupports 22. Support 22 being in the form of a cylinder will givestiffness and added supporting capacity. Preferably a space is leftbetween it and the inner wall of the body I to allow circulation of CO2gas to the outlet pipe l5. Q Safety valves 32 may be applied to theconnections between the drums or containers and the gas feed or outletpipe 5 leading to the cooler. In some cases it will be sufficient toapply said safety valveto the connection 5 only thus reducoo ing thenumber of safety valves or' said valves may be applied to the ice drumsthemselves so as to open in case extreme pressure develops in the drumwhile it is not In 'use for supplying the cooling gas to the cooler.

Near the end of the outlet pipe 5 and preferably within the coolingportion of the device a valve 33 is placed in the pipe to control oradjust the flow of the gas generated in the drums and passing from saiddrums into the gas-holding spaces.

Said valve is automatically controlled by a suitable thermostat in anydesired way, the casing of which is shown at 34. The action of thisdevice is adiusted to open the valve by the thermostatic control whenthe temperature in the gas space to which the thermostat is exposed ishigher than a predetermined degree'and to close said valve when thetemperature falls to a certain predetermined degree, the action beingpredetermined by the adjustment of the thermostat or its associateddevices.

By this means I can control the evaporation thermostatically by thevarying temperature of .the chamber over the liquid, where that type isused, or the temperature in the inside chamber where the gas is used inthe main chamber and the liquid runs through passageways with which thegas is in contact.

A pressure reducing valve 35 may be inserted in the outlet 5 to reducethe pressure in the gas spaces of the container 'to the desired extent.At 36 is indicated a manually controlled valve in the outlet from pipe 5into the high pressure gas spaces, the operating stem of which extendsthrough the'casing where it is provided with a handle 38. A thermometer39 is connected by r a tube 40 with the interior gas spaces and isadapted to indicate the interior temperature of the cooler. In case thethermostat control should not operate properly the hand operated valvecan be actuated to turn the cooling gas off and on as the thermometer 39may indicate is necessary. Instead of making the connection from pipe 5'to the outlet 36 through the automatic valve 33 it may be made as abypass from 5 around valve 33 and as shown in Fig. '7, so that if thevalve 33 under thermostatic control should stick or fail to open valve36 may be manipulated under this condition or under any other conditionrequiring that the flux of the gas under pressure from pipe 5 into thegas spaces shall be controlled manually and in a way entirelyindependent from the thermostatic control. I

In the modification illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4 a similar constructionis shown wherein the form of the invention illustrated in Fig. 1 ismodified to cause the C02 gas to circulate in the drums or shells whichin Fig. 1 are occupied by the liquid. In the case of Fig. 3 the liquidto be cooled is contained in the cylinder 22 supported as before or inany other suitable manner and is circulated therethrough in contact withthe walls of the shells through which the CO2 gas flows. In thisinstance the outlet of pipe 5 connects directly with the spaces betweenthe outer and inner walls II, II of said shells or drums and isdelivered from said spaces through an outlet 23 into the space betweenand around the drum or cylinder 22 from which space it may be removedcylinders 24, 24 preferably of metal and forming between them agas-retaining space.

Chamber I constitutes the outer bounding wall of the liquid-containingspace holding a body of liquid 25 within the inner wall 24 which ispreferably secured to or forms a continuation of a bottom -26 for theliquid container. Within the liquid containerare mounted the one or moreice-holding drums or supports 4 which may be sustained at their bottomsupon the bottom 26 of the liquid container by, means of suitablebrackets or'frames 21. The bottoms of said ice containers are connectedby pipes or passageways 28 with the space under3 the liquid containerwhich space as shown also is in free communication with the spacebetween the outer and inner walls 24, 24'. The tops of the icecontainers or holders 4 are open freely tothe space at the top of thecontainer I which is closed normally by the gas pressure-proof cover Isecured to the top of the cooler I in the manner already described or inany other suitable way so as to secure the gasholding spaces within thecooler against escape of the gas under the considerable pressuredeveloped bythe conversion of the ice into gas by transfer of heatthereto from the contents of the cooler.

The gas under pressure in the space above the water is in contact withthe surface thereof and by absorption charges the water or carbonatesthe same. The surplus gas under pressure accumulated in the space abovethe water may escape throughthe pipes or passageways 28 and be drawn offthrough the pipe I and employed for any desired purpose, its escape fromthe. cooler being controlled by the valve I8.

Each ice container 4 may be provided as shown with an ice-supportingshelf 29 for supporting a cake of CO2 ice introduced into the containerthrough the open top of the drum 4 after removal of the cover I. Thewater cooled and carbonated or other liquid cooled in the container maybe withdrawn by means of the valve 38.

This form of my invention is especially applicable for use by bottlerssince the water to be carbonated is effectually cooled and carbonated bythe gas in the cooler under the high pressure developed or retainedtherein. The surplus gas not absorbed by contact with the surface of thewater and accumulated under pressure can be drawn off from the spacebetween the outer and inner walls 24, 24' by pipe I5 and valve I6 andused for any desired purpose, as for instance, for carbonating water inseparate devices into which the cooled water is introduced. This forms avery effectual arrangement since as well known the colder the water thefaster and better is the carbonation obtained. Also owing to the highpressure of the gas in contact with the body of water in the coolerythewater becomes partially carbonated.

' Referring now to the modification of construction illustrated in Fig.'7, this figure shows the safety valves slightly changed in location butotherwise operating in the same way as the valves shown in Fig. 1. Inthis instance the metal drums for the ice are provided with removablecaps or seals at the lower ends or ends opposite those from which theconnections are taken to pipe 5. These caps or seals may be in the formof plugs screwing into the body of the metal drum from beneath like thebreach block of a gun. This figure also shows how the manual control ofthe fiow of gas into the gas space may be effected by placing a controlvalve in a bypass 4| around the thermostatically controlled valve 33 asalready described.

Referring now to the modification illustrated in Fig. 8, the metal drumshaving the proper caps or plugs removable to allow insertion of the CO2ice may be provided with gas exit nipples indicated at 42, adapted toregister with or screw into or down upon hollow seats 43 through whichthe gas passes by pipes 44 to the three-way valve 8 controllable asalready described by hanmay be screwed down onto the seats indicatedafter being loaded from the top through the removable heads 9. In thisinstance a top plate 45 of the cooler chamber containing the gas underpressure'which is delivered thereto through the valve 8 and outlettherefrom leadinginto said chamber may constitute a support for thedrums and the piping and valves used in connection therewith. If desiredthe gages instead of being mounted on the heads or caps for receivinggas pressure therethrough may be connected to the pipes leading from theseats 43 to the control valve 8 as shown.

In Fig. 9 I show how the C02 gas released from CO2 ice shipped in asuitable container and accumulated under high pressure in said containermay be utilized at any desired lower pressure. In this case I typifies ashipping container or car for solid CO2 shipped in large quantities.Said container I as beforedescribed is so constructed as to withstandhigh internal pressures and to effectively collect and retain the CO2gas released from the ice during transit at which time it necessarilygasifies to a greater or less extent. Said container is provided with asuitable outlet leading to pipe 58 furnished with a safety valve SI andpreferably with a pressure gage 52. In the connection from pipe 50 to agasometer or gas collector 54 is inserted a suitable pressure reducer 53adapted to reduce the gas pressure to any desired amount in tank orgasometer 54. A low pressure gas collected and stored in tank 54 may bewithdrawn if desired for any desired purpose. After arrival of the caror container I at its destination or after the ice has been installedtherein for a suitable length of time the accumulated gas may bewithdrawn into the gasometer or storage tank 54 and the ice ofnecessarily reduced bulk may be afterwards removed from container I forany desired use. Suitable couplings in the piping or connection 50 fromthe container I can be provided for use at the time of recovering theaccumulated gas in the tank I.

The utility of my invention is not limited to any.

particular gas nor to any particular degree of pressure of gas withinthe container and while in parts of the specification and claims I haveused the expression high pressure it is to be under stood that as ameans for refrigerating the contents of the cooler by the action of CO2ice and the gas evolved therefrom, the invention is of use no matterwhat degree of gas may be present within the cooler. As will be seen bythe use of my invention the re-loading of the cooler with therefrigerant ice is greatly facilitated since the ice is retained in aholder or container which of itself is adapted to withstand heavypressures and it may be conveniently re-loaded with the ice from theoutside of the cooler without dismantling the cooler or allowing the gasto escape from within the same.

What I claim is:

1. In a cooling apparatus employing ice adapted to release gas as acooling agent the combination with a cooler having confined spacesadapted to withstand high internal 'prexures of gas released from theice and accumulated therein, a steel tank or drum having a removablehead and adapted to withstand the heavy pressures generated when loadedwith carbon dioxide ice, means for supporting said drum in said coolerin position to be heated by the contents of the cooler and with theremovable head located outside the top of the cooler, a deliverypassageway whereby the accumulated gas may be delivered therefrom andmeans for opening or shutting off said passageway at will as for-thepurpose described.

2. In an apparatus for cooling and charging liquids by the use of iceadapted to release gas in the. cooling operation,the combination of asteel drum or tank having a removable head and adapted to receive a loadof the ice, means for supporting said drum in vertical position with thebody thereof within the cooling chamber and with the head on the outsideto facilitate loading, a pipe or passageway conducting the gas evolvedin the drum downwardly into the free space of the cooler, a liquidholder the walls of which form a wall of a passage for said gas, acooling chamber forming also a gas collecting and retaining chamber andbeing hermeticallysealed and pressure proof so as to accumulate a gaspressure of the desired amount and means for delivering said gas undersuch accumulated pressure directly through a suitable outlet.

3. In an apparatus for cooling and carbonating 'liquids the combinationwith a sealed pressure proof cooling chamber, a sealed drum or cartridgefor ice capable of evolving gas and removably supported in position withthe walls of the cartridge exposed to heat transfer of the contents ofthe cooler and a conductor leading from the gas space of said cartridgeto the gas collecting space within the cooler chamber and means forcirculating liquid and gas in heat transfer relation within said gascollecting space.

' 4. In a cooling device employing a material adapted to release gas asthe refrigerant, a closed cooling chamber provided with a hermeticallysealed pressure-proof gas holding space therein combined with means forsupporting in said chamber a sealed metallic container for the ice orother cooling material adapted to release gas by transfer of heat fromthe contents of the chamber, the gas pressure space of the containerbeing in connection with the gas pressure space of the chamber and meansfor circulating liquid and gas through said gas pressure space in heattransfer relation, the gas circulating portion being in connection withsaid gas pressure space and with a suitable valve controlled outlet.

5. In a cooling device employing ice consisting of a gas reduced tosolid or ice form as the refrigerant, a closed cooling chamber providedwith hermetically sealed pressure-proof gas holding spaces combined withmeans for supporting therein a sealed container for the ice or othercooling material adapted to release gas by transfer of heat from thecontents of the copler, a valve controlling the passage of the gas fromsaid container to said gas holding space, a holder of liquid in said gasholding space provided with means for circulating the liquidtherethrough and means for circulating the gas through a heat transferdevice a wall of which is common to the liquid holder and the passagewayfor the gas.

6. In an apparatus employing as the refrigerant an ice adapted torelease a gas in the cooling operation, a cooling container hermeticallysealed and adapted to hold gas under high pressure said containerproviding a gas circulating space, means for supporting a sealedcontainer of the ice therein in position to utilize the heat from thecontents to be cooled for evaporating the ice, said sealed containerbeing connected with the gas space of the cooler and means forcontrolling the passage of the gas from the ice container to the gascirculating space for the cooling gas in the cooler said means embodyinga valve having a valve stem extending through a wall of the containerand means for withdrawing gas under pressure from the gas space of thecooler for charging a liquid or other uses.

7. A cooling device employing CO2 ice as the cooling agent and having asealed pressure-proof gas retaining space or compartment in combinationwith a multiplicity of ice containers or receptacles having gas spacesconnected with the gas retaining space and means for controlling theconnection of said containers with said gas space to permit them to beput into service and withdrawn from service at will.

8. In an apparatus for cooling by the use of ice adapted to release acooling gas when it absorbs heat from the contents of the cooler, thecombination with a hermetically sealed pressure retaining coolingchamber having gas circulating spaces therein of a sealed pressureretaining drum or cartridge for the ice supported Within said chamberand having a removable head accessible to permit the-drum to bere-loaded with ice from the outside of the cooler in combination withmeans for controlling the passage of accumulated gas from said drum tothe gas circulating spaces through which the cooling gas circulates.

9. A cooling device employing CO2 as the cooling agent comprising asealed gas containing chamber, means therein for conducting a liquid tobe cooled through said chamber, a sealed pressure-retaining drum fortheCO2 ice supported within said chamber with said drum spaced from saidliquid and the conducting means therefor, means connected to said drumfor conducting gas from said drum to said chamber and means forwithdrawing only the utilized gas from said chamber which has passedsaid liquid conducting means.

10. A cooling device employing 002 as the cooling agent comprising asealed gas containing chamber, means therein for conducting a liquid tobe cooled through said chamber, means for supporting a body of Cozicewithin said chamber with said ice spaced from said liquid and theconducting means thereof, the gases from said C02 ice passing downwardlyinto contact with said liquid conducting means and means for withdrawingonly the gases which have passed said liquid conducting means.

11. In a cooling apparatus, a gas receiving space, means for conductingliquid therethrough, means for supporting a body of CO2 ice in the upperportion of said gas receiving space in position to supply gas to saidspace, said gas receiving space including a gas conducting passagepassing downwardly and upwardly along different portions of said liquidconducting means from said body of ice to an outlet for CO2 gas fromsaid space.

12. In an apparatus for cooling by ice adapted to evaporate as a gaswhen it absorbs heat, a pressure retaining hermetically sealed coolingchamber having gas, circulating cooling spaces and having a hermeticallysealed pressure retaining container for the ice projecting into thecooling chamber through the top wall thereof but having a removable heador cap located outside said wall to facilitate reloading withoutdisturbing the gas connections of said ice container within the chamber,a valve controlled passageway for the gas evolved leading from the gasspace in said sealed ice container into the gas circulating coolingspaces of the chamber and means for conducting said gas from saidcooling chamber out through a wall thereof.

HARRY S. CORNISH.

